Little knowledge about glass

It is said that the glass is an ancient Phoenician businessman accidentally discovered. The Phoenician merchant fleet carrying the trona was unable to move on the voyage and had to break down on the beach overnight. They used the lumps as a stone, built a stove, and burned the fire. When the calm, they clean up the stove, ready to sail, suddenly found the beach there are some glittering pearl-like things, this is the first glass.

This ancient legend tells us that the glass is made of sand by the main raw material melting. The chemical composition of sand is silica. The melting point of silica is very high, adding soda ash (sodium carbonate) can greatly reduce the melting temperature, so that the melt flow easily. However, this way out of the glass like a paste, can be dissolved in the water, we call it water glass, is the sodium silicate.

Add limestone, water glass "eat" calcium, melting and water flow like glass after cooling into our common glass. In the tomb unearthed in the ancient Egyptian Han She Su's practice --- string of green glass beads, is four thousand years ago, the earliest human history of glass products, gold and silver jewelry was more precious than na! But then the melting temperature is not high, glass beads is not very transparent. Glass in a very long period of time, has been the nobility hall of the furnishings and works of art, has now become a very common life supplies and building materials. A wide variety of utensils and instruments made of glass are cheap and very popular. When the house is built, the glass doors and windows are made in the world. The lobby of the World Exposition in Paris, France is made of reinforced mezzanine, and the lighting is very good, known as the "Sunshine Building". Ordinary glazing, oil bottles, bottles and so on with a touch of green, which is the manufacture of glass containing raw materials containing divalent iron ion impurities brought green. Some bottles, beer bottles, soy sauce bottles are brown, which is still caused by iron impurities, but not the divalent iron ions, but the trivalent iron ions.

To create a glass without color, the choice of raw materials must be free of iron. However, the natural sand, limestone and soda ash, more or less always have some iron compounds. How to eliminate the green in the glass? Chemical approach is: to the glass melt to add a certain percentage of manganese dioxide. Manganese dioxide is an oxidizing agent, which oxidizes green divalent iron ions into yellow ferric ions, and manganese becomes purple trivalent manganese. Yellow and purple synthetic white, the glass becomes colorless and transparent. Glass contains different metal compounds that will be "dyed" on a variety of colors. Plus copper oxide, you can get red glass; plus oxidation drill - blue glass; plus chromium oxide - green glass ... ...

Glass will also be "aging". It is an amorphous supercooled liquid, the arrangement of molecules, atoms is disorganized. But after a long period of molecular movement, the glass will appear in the local arrangement of a slight order of the small crystals, so that the decline in transparency of the glass, as if covered with a layer of mist, how rub can not erase, people from the rub Old glass this thing to be inspired, simply let the glass after quenching, so that the internal molecules arranged neatly, microcrystalline. This kind of glass-ceramic is much like metal, unlike the general glass so delicate. Glass-ceramic cups are not afraid to fall, do not burst, used to do large-scale reflective telescope, not swelling does not shrink, in the hot and cold drastic changes in the environment can still work properly. Glass-ceramic tools, cut iron, such as mud; can also be processed into artificial bones. Wristwas made with glass-ceramic, clean, beautiful, can be placed directly on the feast

A sticky glass wipe method

1, wipe the glass: first with a towel to wipe the glass frame, and then stained with glass after the dilution of the glass water solution, even from top to bottom smear the glass, and then repeat the above process, with a glass scraping from scratch to clean, With a dry towel to clean the water marks left on the box, the water marks on the glass must use glass scrub clean, otherwise it will leave a trail on the glass.

2, the vinegar and water by 1: 2 ratio to reconcile, put the spray, spray on the glass and then wipe, you can polish very clean.

3, in the basin by adding 5% of the Ammonia solution or gasoline, with its cleaning glass, until the glass is dry and then wipe clean with a dry cloth, the glass can be spotless, bright and transparent. In the wipe of the glass, you can use the different models with a different window to see whether the double glass or double glass. Use the wiping window to facilitate, effort and safety.

4, such as the surface of the glass moldy phenomenon, can be hydrofluoric acid (HF) and water 1: 8 ratio of reconciliation (Note: more than 1: 8, will cause damage to the hand), wipe the glass, pay attention, be sure to do Corrosion protection work, the skin can not be exposed to HF, otherwise the skin will be serious corrosion, wipe the glass, wipe with water again, and finally the glass dry.